防詐3要訣：不聽信、不操作、掛斷電話 
Moral Economics: From Prostitution to Organ Sales, What Controversial Transactions Reveal About How Markets Work
內容簡介
「從出售腎臟的權利到代理孕母生產的成本，我們對『對與錯』的認知對經濟的影響，遠比我們所意識到的更深。諾貝爾獎得主艾文・羅斯(Alvin E. Roth)、世界領先的『哲學型經濟學家』，揭示了支配我們最私密交易的隱性道德規範。本書清晰地引導我們理解市場的邊界、道德的起點，以及如何設計一個同時尊重兩者的世界。」——Paul Milgrom 與 Robert B. Wilson，諾貝爾經濟學獎得主
在當今分裂的社會中，一些最難解的爭議，歸根究柢都關乎哪些行為與交易應該被禁止。例如：女性與伴侶是否應該能夠購買避孕用品、接受體外受精，或透過墮胎終止懷孕？人們是否可以購買大麻？那芬太尼呢？是否可以支付報酬讓人捐贈血漿或腎臟？
這些分歧之所以激烈，是因為雙方的論點往往建立在不可妥協的道德或宗教立場之上。然而，在《道德經濟學》(書名暫譯)一書中，諾貝爾獎得主經濟學家艾文・羅斯主張，如果我們將這些議題視為「市場」——也就是用來決定誰能獲得什麼的工具——並理解如何微調這些市場，使其運作更有效率，我們就能在這些困難議題上取得進展。市場不必是全然放任或全面禁止；審慎的市場設計可以在保障人們追求自身利益的權利，與保護最脆弱群體免於傷害之間取得平衡。
結合羅斯在市場設計領域無與倫比的專業知識，以及他對複雜議題犀利而風趣的分析，《道德經濟學》提供了一個強而有力且創新的新框架，來解決當今最棘手的爭議。
A Nobel Prize–winning economist shows us why we have to deal in trade-offs when we can’t agree on what’s right and what’s wrong.
Some of the most intractable controversies in our divided society are, at bottom, about what actions and transactions should be banned. Should women and couples be able to purchase contraception, access in vitro fertilization, and end pregnancy by obtaining an abortion? Should people be able to buy marijuana? What about fentanyl? Can someone be paid to donate blood plasma, or a kidney?
Disagreements are fierce because arguments on both sides are often made in uncompromising moral or religious terms. But in Moral Economics, Nobel Prize–winning economist Alvin E. Roth asserts that we can make progress on these and other difficult topics if we view them as markets—tools to help decide who gets what—and understand how those markets can be fine-tuned to be more functional. Markets don’t have to allow everything or ban everything. Prudent market design can find a balance between preserving people’s rights to pursue their own interests and protecting the most vulnerable from harm.
Combining Roth’s unparalleled expertise as market design pioneer with his incisive, witty accounts of complicated issues, Moral Economics offers a powerful and innovative new framework for resolving today’s hardest controversies.
各界推薦
“A surprisingly large part of economics is about things money can't buy, for many good and bad and complicated reasons. This wonderful book by the leading scholar in that area of economics is something else that just money could never buy. It's a labor of love, a testament from a lifetime of thought and research.”―Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflo, Nobel laureates and authors of Poor Economics
“With clarity and compassion, Al Roth explores the transactions society cannot escape—surrogacy, the purchase of body parts, the sale of sex, and a host of ‘repugnant’ relationships. What should be regulated? What should be banned? What are the limits of using price in the marketplace? Be prepared to think in new ways and gain from the insights of a great market designer.”―Claudia Goldin, Nobel laureate and author of Career and Family
“From the right to sell a kidney to the cost of a surrogate birth, our sense of ‘right and wrong’ shapes the economy more than we realize. Nobel laureate Alvin Roth—the world's leading ‘philosopher-economist’—unpacks the hidden moral codes that govern our most intimate transactions. This is a clear-eyed guide to understanding where the market ends, where morality begins, and how we can design a world that honors both.”―Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson, Nobel laureates, Stanford University
“Bringing balanced, evidence-based analyses to emotionally fraught debates, Roth reveals the power of markets to inspire solutions. This is trailblazing.”―Publishers Weekly
作者介紹
Alvin E. Roth is the Craig and Susan McCaw Professor of Economics at Stanford University and the George Gund Professor of Economics and Business Administration Emeritus at Harvard University. A pioneering expert in the field of market design, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2012. A member of the National Academy of Sciences and past president of the American Economic Association, he lives in Stanford, California.
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