Tashkent Modernism XX/XXI

 《塔什干現代主義：20／21世紀》 
【見證「蘇維埃東方」的建築運動：塔什干現代主義的調查與保存檔案】

憑藉獨特的地理位置、豐富的資源與多元文化歷史，烏茲別克首都塔什干至今仍是中亞最重要的城市之一。自蘇聯時期以來，當地投入大量心力保存與修復建築古蹟，藉此見證此區域深厚的古代及中世紀歷史。相較之下，象徵現代化與進步社會願景的1960至1980年代現代主義建築，卻始終未被視為文化遺產。

1991年烏茲別克獨立、市場經濟隨之到來後，過去三十年間以社會議題與經濟效益為核心的建築理念逐漸失去影響力。時至今日，塔什干的現代主義建築開始受到重新重視，被視為一種獨特的藝術、文化與社會現象，也是理解蘇聯中亞現代化進程及其地域特質的重要線索。

這些建築不只是「多元現代性」之下的又一個邊陲案例，也不只是20世紀現代主義建築版圖上的一處座標。它們反映蘇聯社會與文化實驗中最激進的一面，因而在當代全球文化語境中依然具有重要意義。

本書集結「塔什干現代主義 XX/XXI」計畫的研究成果。該計畫匯聚來自不同國家的建築師、歷史學者與修復專家，共同記錄並修復塔什干的現代主義建築遺產。書中除完整呈現研究成果，亦透過多篇論述，將這些建築置於蘇聯與烏茲別克的歷史脈絡中重新理解，並提出兼顧保存與再利用的策略藍圖，呼應全球對現代主義建築遺產日益高漲的保存行動。

全書分為兩大部分：第一部分收錄一系列文字與視覺論述；第二部分則聚焦十二座代表性建築，以專題形式詳述其歷史、保護項目盤點及修復介入策略。

本計畫由烏茲別克藝術與文化發展基金會發起並委託執行。

Given its geographical location, developed resources and multicultural history, Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan, continues to be one of the most important centers of Central Asia. Since the Soviet era, numerous efforts have been made to conserve and restore architectural monuments that speak to the rich ancient and medieval history of the region. By contrast, the modernist architecture of the 1960s–80s, which articulated the idea of a modern, forward-looking society, was never perceived as heritage. With the arrival of the market economy and after the independence of Uzbekistan in 1991, the architecture of the previous three decades, which focused on social issues and economy of means, lost relevance. Today, this modernist layer of Tashkent is gaining recognition as a unique artistic, cultural and social phenomenon that is best equipped to reveal the specific character of the modernization of Soviet Central Asia. More than just another “peripheral case” of multiple modernities or a point on the global map of 20th-century architectural modernism, this architecture is relevant to the global cultural scene, reflecting the radical aspects of the Soviet social and cultural experiment.
This publication combines the materials of the Tashkent Modernism XX/XXI project, for which an international team of architects, historians and restoration experts joined forces on recording and restoring the city’s modernist legacy. This comprehensive book presents research results alongside insights that contextualize the work in a broader framework of Soviet and Uzbekistan history. It provides a strategic plan for conservation and adaptation of this important architectural heritage which resonates with preservation ambitions of modernist architectures on a global scale.
The publication consists of two parts. The first part contains a series of written and visual essays, while the second encompasses twelve building monographs that present histories, protection inventories and intervention strategies for the selected buildings.
Initiated and commissioned by the Art and Culture Development Foundation of Uzbekistan.