涼​山​彝​族​音​樂 第​一​輯​: 口​弦 (LP+CD 深紫色大理石紋彩膠唱片) | 誠品線上

Nuosu Music from Liangshan Vol. 1: Mouth Harp (LP+CD Dark Violet Marble Vinyl)

內容簡介

內容簡介 On the southeastern edge of the Chuanxi Plateau, along the northern bank of the Jinsha River, stand the majestic Liangshan Mountains. Here, the children of the Apu Dumu took root and sprouted. They became known as the Yi people and have continued to thrive in this region for thousands of years. The Yi have created a dazzling culture and artistic tradition, in which the Yi mouth harp is the brightest star.The mouth harp, also known as a “Jew’s harp”, is called “ꉸꉷ” or “ꇇ” in the Yi language. It is recognized as an instrument of the Neolithic Age. According to legend, a long time ago, there was an old grandmother who gave birth to two smart, hard-working and capable girls. Unfortunately, both girls died of illness one after another. The grandmother missed her daughters day and night, so she cut two pieces of bamboo, one thick and one thin, and carved the shapes of a tongue and a head on them. When she missed her daughters, she would take the two pieces of bamboo in her mouth with her fingers gently moving her “daughter's head”, and in this way, the two sisters would sing and talk, comforting her not to be sad. This is one of the legends about how the Yi mouth harp came to be. In addition, the ancient book of the Yi people, “ꈬꉻ” (also known as “Gong Shi Zhuan”), tells of the migration by ancient Yi ancestors from northeastern Yunnan to the Liangshan Mountains. A passage explains that, “ꐰꇑꐧꑭꆹꄡꑐ, ꉼꉹꇇꁉꆹꄡꋌ”, which translates as, “Don't put a flute in your waistband and don't take a mouth harp in your hand”. According to some genealogies and documents, it has been at least 2000 years since the ancestors of the Dishishiwolihaguhou tribe and the Heicecewoagaqiunie tribe migrated to Liangshan from northeastern Yunnan.The main materials for making Liangshan Yi mouth harps are bamboo and brass. Bamboo harps are usually about 15 cm long and 1 cm wide and contoured like the double-ear, leaf-shaped waist knives of the Yi people, while brass ones are about 10 cm long and 1 cm wide in a leaf-shape. The traditional mouth harps are mainly made with one to five pieces, among which the one-piece and two-piece variants sound relatively low and thick. These are suitable for the expressions of the majestic mountains and rivers. One-piece mouth harps have one fundamental tone and other resulting tones are overtones. There are two kinds of the two-piece mouth harps. The first, called “ꈬꉻ”, has the fundamental tones of do and re, and the second kind has a bright and clear sound. The three-piece mouth harps are the most popular. The first kind, popular in all Liangshan areas, is called “ꑟꏃ” and has the fundamental tones of re, la and do. The second kind, popular in Adu areas such as Butuo, is called “ꌙꑠ” and has the fundamental tones of la, mi and sol. The third kind is popular in areas like Meigu, and its fundamental sounds are sol, la and do. The four-piece mouth harp, popular in all areas of Liangshan, is called “ꁯꎑ” and the fundamental sounds are sol, re, la, and do. The five-piece mouth harp is popular in areas like Butuo and Jinyang and has fundamental sounds sol, re, fa, la, and do.When playing the mouth harp, the performer will hold the tails of the bamboo or brass pieces with their left hand, put the fan-shaped pieces between their slightly open mouth, and pluck the pieces with the fingers of their right hand. With the resonance of the mouth and the movements of the lips, tongue and mouth shape, it can produce a series of overtones in addition to the fundamental sound of each piece. Skillful players can produce sounds of storms or rough waves.In the Yi region of Liangshan, the mouth harp is called a “talking instrument”, so the music of the Yi mouth harp is closely related to the dialects of Liangshan Yi regions. In some Adu dialect regions like Butuo, the mouth harp has its deepest roots and mouth harp music is found in abundance. The tuning of the mouth harp music there is similar to the folk songs of Adu, while the tuning of the mouth harp music in Yinuo dialect regions such as Meigu is also similar to the dialect and folk songs of Yinuo. The main focus of Yi mouth harp music is the declarative phrases or paragraphs, sometimes very long, sometimes very short. It is usually finished in a single breath with almost no interval in between. The parts connecting these main phrases are mainly composed of a fixed pattern of the fundamental tones and connect successive declarative passages (although these may instead be in the introduction or the closing part). This pattern is nearly a fixed compositional structure of mouth harp music, but there is some mouth harp music that simulates folk songs.The Yi mouth harp has a strong social function. In the proverb of Yi, it is often said “ꐪꇑꀿꇴꋌ, ꉼꉹꃀꈬꋌ, ꁁꁻꃺꉂꋌ”, which means, “The flute is thinking of the father, the mouth harp is thinking of the mother, and the yueqin is thinking of the brother.” The Yi mouth harp is also semantic, and so Yi mouth harp players say, “ꉈꃀꑟꉪꆏꑟꂢ”, which means they will play whatever they have in mind. The Liangshan Yi language has the feature of being flat and stable in tone, so it is very easy to get an accurate tune position when transposing it into mouth harp music. In addition, there is mouth harp music with transitions from semantic to non-semantic and also music with non-semantic forms. Yi people love the music because it is not only beautiful and touching, but it can also tell stories and express feelings.The production of the mouth harp not only requires special materials but also high techniques of craftsmanship. The sleeve of the mouth harp is usually made of bamboo, which is engraved with exquisite patterns and designs, and some of them are also painted with colors. Yi girls hang this mouth harp sleeve on their chests with colored threads. It is also considered an ornament of exquisite beauty with characteristics of the Yi people.Nowadays, there are fewer and fewer people in the Yi countryside who can play and even fewer who can make the instrument that can produce such beautiful and primordial human sounds. I collected quite a lot of traditional music when I traveled around Liangshan in search of folk artists. I have carefully selected some mouth harp music from several dialect regions of Liangshan and present this album to you. Please join me in listening to the language buried deep in the heart of Yi people, the voices of the communities that have enjoyed a special solitude, and the melodies that are familiar but increasingly distant. Let's find these stories that are often gradually lost under the wheels of modern civilization.在康藏高原的東南邊緣，金沙江的北岸，屹立著巍峨的大小涼山，阿普篤慕的子孫就在這里生根發芽，生生不息延續了幾千年，創造了璀璨奪目的文化藝術，彝族口弦就是其中最耀眼的一顆星。口弦，又名“口簧琴”，彝語叫“ꉸꉷ”或者“ꇇꈻ”，是公認的新石器時代的樂器。相傳，“在很久以前，有個老阿媽生了兩個聰明伶俐、勤勞能幹的姑娘。但不幸的是兩個姑娘都先後病逝了。老阿媽日夜思念女兒，就削了一厚一薄的兩塊竹片，在竹片上刻出了舌頭和腦袋。想念女兒時，她便把兩片竹片含在嘴里，用手指輕輕動‘女兒的腦袋’，兩姐妹就唱起歌來，講起話來，安慰她不要難過和悲傷。老阿媽做的這種竹片後來發展成吹奏的口弦。”這是關於涼山彝族口弦來源的傳說之一。另外在彝族古籍《ꈬꉻ》（又名《公史傳》）中，在講述古彝先民從滇東北往大小涼山遷徙途中時，有這樣的記載：“ꐰꇑꐧꑭꆹꄡꑐ ，ꉼꉹꇇꁉꆹꄡꋌ”，可直譯為“腰間莫要插笛子，手中莫要拿口弦”。這充分說明了彝族先民在遷往涼山之前就已經有了口弦。根據一些家譜和資料，涼山的先祖迪石石沃利哈古侯部和黑測測沃阿嘎邱涅部從滇東北遷徙來到大小涼山已有至少2000年的歷史。涼山彝族口弦的材質主要有竹子和黃銅兩種。竹制的一般是長15厘米左右，寬1厘米左右，形狀像彝族雙耳葉形腰刀；銅制的長10厘米左右，寬1厘米左右，形狀像樹葉一樣。傳統的口弦主要有一片到五片，其中，一片和兩片的聲音比較低沈渾厚，適合表現氣勢磅礴的山脈河流。一片的口弦有一個基音，其余都是泛音。兩片的口弦分兩種，第一種是“ꂷꁻ”，兩個基音為do re；第二種音色通透明亮。三片的口弦是最受歡迎的，第一種叫“ꑟꏃ”，基音為re la do，全涼山都流行；第二種叫“ꌙꑠ”，基音為la mi sol，流行於布拖等阿都地區；第三種的基音為sol la do，流行於美姑等地區。四片的口弦彝語稱“ꁯꎑ”，基音為sol re la do，流行於全涼山。五片的口弦基音為sol re fa la do，流行於布拖、金陽等地區。在演奏彝族口弦時，演奏者會左手執簧片尾部，將排成扇形的簧片頭部放在微張的嘴唇間，右手指拔簧。利用口腔的共鳴，唇、舌、口型的變動發聲，除基本音外，還能發出一系列泛音，技藝高超的演奏者還可以奏出如風雨交加或者波濤洶湧般的音色。在涼山彝區，口弦被稱為“會說話的樂器”，所以口弦音樂跟涼山彝區的方言也息息相關。在涼山布拖等阿都方言區，口弦音樂群眾基礎最深厚，樂手最多，是口弦音樂最豐富的地區，當地口弦音樂的調式跟阿都的民歌等差不多。而在美姑等地區的依諾方言區，口弦音樂則跟依諾方言和民歌的調式相似。口弦音樂的主體部分是音樂的陳述樂句或段落，有時很長，有時很短，一氣呵成，中間幾乎沒有間歇。連接部分（也可以是引子或者尾聲）主要由基音的固定音型構成，接在每個陳述部分之後，亦即兩個陳述段之間。這個模式幾乎是口弦曲的結構定式。此外，還有一些模擬民歌的口弦音樂。彝族口弦具有較強的社會功能。彝族的“爾比爾吉”即諺語中經常說“ꐪꇑꀿꇴꋌ，ꉼꉹꃀꈬꋌ，ꁁꁻꃺꉂꋌ”，可直譯為“笛子頂思父，口弦頂念母，月琴頂想兄”。 涼山彝族口弦具有語義性，所以彝族口弦手說，“ꉈꃀꑟꉪꆏꑟꂢ”，意思是心里有什麽話就演奏什麽。涼山彝語聲調平直、穩定的特征，使人們在口弦上進行音樂處理時極易獲得準確的樂音位置。此外，還有語義性向非語義性過渡的口弦音樂和非語義性口弦音樂。所以口弦音樂不僅優美動聽，也可講述故事、表達感情等，群眾都非常喜愛。彝族口弦的制作不僅對制作材質有特殊要求，對制作技術也有較高的要求。此外，包裝口弦的套筒一般用竹筒制作，上面刻有精美的花紋、圖案，有的還有彩繪。彝族女性以彩線相系懸掛胸前，也是一件制作精美、富有民族特色的飾物。而今，這樣一種能夠發出如此美妙的人類初音的樂器，在彝家山寨里，會彈奏的人越來越少，會制作的人更是少之又少。我在涼山四處遊走尋訪民間藝人時，收集到了不少傳統音樂。從中，我悉心精選了一些來自涼山各方言地區的口弦音樂，整理成了一張系列合集，呈現於此。你不妨和我一起傾聽那些埋在心靈深處的語言，傾聽那些享受過特殊孤獨的族群聲音，傾聽那些熟悉而又越來越遠的旋律。讓我們一起去尋拾那些在現代文明車輪滾滾碾壓下的正在逐漸遺失的故事。- ꇐꑳꒉꁬ 爾衣日布 Eryi Ribu & ꎰꌺꇜꉐ 索日格哈 Suori GehaTracklistA1. 的的阿哈* = Didi Aha* = ꄹꄷꀈꉐ–. ꉼꊇꀉꐡꐥ = 殘缺的土墻 = Cob Wall In Debris. 2:29A2. 的的阿哈* = Didi Aha* = ꄹꄷꀈꉐ–. ꈨꑭꅐꇁꆫꌺꈁꑓꌸ = 晨曦灑在牧童臉上 = Visage Of Corydon In SunriseA3. 的的阿哈* = Didi Aha* = ꄹꄷꀈꉐ–. ꋧꃅꐞꁧꌠꉠꀉꄉ = 我已逝去的父親 = Departed FatherA4. 的的阿哈* = Didi Aha* = ꄹꄷꀈꉐ–. ꐱꑴꎰꆈꌿꋦꌿꄄꄖ = 在井野碩諾杉林間 = In The Forest Of Jingye ShuonuoA5. 的的阿哈* = Didi Aha* = ꄹꄷꀈꉐ–. ꍆꀕꈌꏑꆪ = 喜鵲迎春 = Magpies Greeting SpringA6. 的的阿哈* = Didi Aha* = ꄹꄷꀈꉐ–. ꁡꇤꀉꆹ = 古老的村莊 = Ancient VillagesA7. 吉古比哈* = Jigu Bih* = ꐚꈬꀘꉐ–. ꄔꋩꄔꈩꇁ = 相約火把節 = Torch FestivalA8. 吉古比哈* = Jigu Bih* = ꐚꈬꀘꉐ–. ꍶꈅꁧꑭ = 齒可波西 = Chike BoxiA9. 俄的拉色* = Edi Lase* = ꀑꄷꆿꌋ–. ꑾꌺꈩꃅꌒ = 快樂的小羊羔 = Joyful LambkinA10. 海來比比嫫* = Hailai Bibimo* = ꉆꆹꀖꀘꃀ–. ꀉꂿ = 母親 = MotherA11. 阿五子坡* = Awu Zipo* = ꀊꃴꌅꁈ–. ꈎꆪꐚꃰꏿ = 歲月匆匆 = Fleeting YearsB1. 俄木曲以* = Emu Quyi* = ꀍꃈꐎꑳ–. ꒉꇸꇉꇬꆧꌺ = 月亮與井 = Moon And WellB2. 俄木曲以* = Emu Quyi* = ꀍꃈꐎꑳ–. ꉠꃅꈋ = 我的故鄉 = Place Of My OriginsB3. 俄木曲以* = Emu Quyi* = ꀍꃈꐎꑳ–. ꀊꌱꑞꃅꀱꀋꇁ = 阿惹為何不回來 = Why Isn't A-Re Coming BackB4. 海來比比嫫* = Hailai Bibimo* = ꉆꆹꀖꀘꃀ–. ꈌꃅꃰꄩꈹ = 雪地上的攆山狗 = Hounds On Snow FieldB5. 俄木爾曲* = Emu Erqu* = ꀍꃈꇐꐎ–. ꁬꈤꐛꑿꇖ = 蜂落野花 = Wild Flower And The Landing BeesB6. 俄木爾曲* = Emu Erqu* = ꀍꃈꇐꐎ–. ꎧꑵꑘꀕ = 酒後碎語 = Drunk ChattererB7. 俄的拉色* = Edi Lase* = ꀑꄷꆿꌋ–. ꑌꑿꄄꆈꐛ = 黑綿羊 = Black SheepB8. 俄的拉色* = Edi Lase* = ꀑꄷꆿꌋ–. ꀊꁮꊴꇉꊳꈩꁍ = 阿布澤洛麋鹿 = Elk Abu ZeloB9. 俄的拉色* = Edi Lase* = ꀑꄷꆿꌋ–. ꄇꉼꋴꅪ = 丹紅紮妮 = Skirt Danhong ZhaniB10. 俄的拉色* = Edi Lase* = ꀑꄷꆿꌋ–. ꒉꇸꀈꐔ = 背水姑娘 = The Girl Who Carries Water On Her BackB11. 俄木曲以* = Emu Quyi* = ꀍꃈꐎꑳ–. ꁦꀑꒉꐑ = 山澗溪流 = Mountain RivuletCD bonus1. ꂃꏂꀯꐎꐛꀐ 褪色的百褶裙 Faded Pleated Skirt (CD Bonus) 02:312. ꆫꃅꂿꏿꆪ 又到播種季 Sowing Season (CD Bonus) 02:533. ꈾꃨꀕꇁꌦꀐ 蕎花已開 The Buckwheat Has Bloomed (CD Bonus) 01:35Music performed by:ꄹꄷꀈꉐ 的的阿哈 Didi Aha ꐚꈬꀘꉐ 吉古比哈 Jigu Biha ꀑꄷꆿꌋ 俄的拉色 Edi Lase ꉆꆹꀖꀘꃀ 海來比比嫫 Hailai Bibimo ꀊꃴꌅꁈ 阿五子坡 Awu Zipo ꀍꃈꐎꑳ 俄木曲以 Emu Quyi ꀍꃈꇐꐎ 俄木爾曲 Emu Erqu

商品規格

最佳賣點

最佳賣點 : 在康藏高原的東南邊緣，金沙江的北岸，屹立著巍峨的大小涼山，阿普篤慕的子孫就在這里生根發芽，生生不息延續了幾千年，創造了璀璨奪目的文化藝術，彝族口弦就是其中最耀眼的一顆星。

活動

• 全站滿$5,000折$600
• 全站滿$1,600折$150
• 全站滿$2,800折$300